Excerpt from The Inorganic Constituents of Marine Invertebrates That many important rocks were once marine sediments and that animals and plants shared in their formation is one Of the commonplaces of geology. Coralline limestones, shell lime stones, and crinoidal limestones are among the most familiar illustrations of this statement. That corals and shells furnish calcium carbonate to the sediments, that radiolarians and diatoms are siliceous, and that vertebrate animals, some crustaceans, and a few brachiopods are more ...
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Excerpt from The Inorganic Constituents of Marine Invertebrates That many important rocks were once marine sediments and that animals and plants shared in their formation is one Of the commonplaces of geology. Coralline limestones, shell lime stones, and crinoidal limestones are among the most familiar illustrations of this statement. That corals and shells furnish calcium carbonate to the sediments, that radiolarians and diatoms are siliceous, and that vertebrate animals, some crustaceans, and a few brachiopods are more or less phosphatic are also well-known facts, which, however, have been determined in a more or less desultory way. NO systematic investigation to ascertain just what substances each class of organisms contributes to the sediments seems to have been made, and the present research is an attempt to cover the ground a little more thoroughly than it has been covered heretofore. Completeness is, Of course, impossible, but something of a foundation for future work we have tried to lay. Although many analyses of corals and molluscan shells are on record, some important groups Of organisms have received only slight attention, and little has been done heretofore toward determining the composition of their tests or skeletons. The few published data, more over, have been generally but not always incomplete in certain important particulars, especially with regard to the localities from which the specimens analyzed were Obtained, the depth Of water in which each creature lived, and the temperature Of its habitat. Even in our own work some Of these details are lacking, but their great significance when known is strikingly evident in the study of such groups of animals as the echinoderms and alcyonarians. Furthermore, some Of the Older analyses are unsatisfactory for other reasons, for many Of them were made to determine single facts, such, for instance, as the proportion Of magnesium carbonate alone; and in others such important constituents as organic matter were not taken into account, an omission that is especially serious, for it renders the accurate comparison of the analyses with others impossible. In the shells of mollusks the proportion Of organic matter is small, but in the echinoderms, alcyonarians, and phosphatic brachiopods it is relatively large, ranging from 10 to even 40 per cent or more. This statement, however, must not be misconstrued; it refers, of course, only to the specimens, dried or alcoholic, which are actually analyzed. In order to compare the analyses, therefore, so as to determine the true composition of the inorganic shells or skeletons, the very variable amounts Of organic matter must be rejected, and the remainders recalculated to 100 per cent. Relations then appear which are not recognizable when the crude unreduced analyses are compared. Any one Of our tables of analyses will show this fact very clearly. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at ... This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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