This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1861 edition. Excerpt: ...red colour and constitute what is commonly called the "flesh" or "lean meat" of animals. They are endued with the power of contracting or shortening themselves; and it is this property which gives rise to the various movements of animal bodies. At their ends muscles often dwindle into "tendons" or ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1861 edition. Excerpt: ...red colour and constitute what is commonly called the "flesh" or "lean meat" of animals. They are endued with the power of contracting or shortening themselves; and it is this property which gives rise to the various movements of animal bodies. At their ends muscles often dwindle into "tendons" or "sinews" which, though occupying much less space, and having no contractile power, are very strong, and serve to connect the muscles with the bones. One of the three muscles just mentioned (a, fig. 61) passes from a projecting process on the inner side of the arm-bone, at its lower end, to the outer edge of the middle of the radius. Its contraction causes the radius to roll over, or in front of, the ulna. It thus pronates the hand, and is called a " Pronator" muscle. Another muscle (b, fig. 62) passes, from a projecting process on the outer side of the arm-bone, to the inner edge of the radius near its upper part. It runs, therefore, in an opposite direction to the former muscle and produces an opposite effect, rolling the radius and the hand back into the position of supination. Hence it is called a " Supinator" muscle. The third is a very powerful muscle. It is called the "Biceps" muscle (fig. 63), because it has two points of attachment to the shoulder-blade. It descends along the front of the arm, and, bulging there, forms a conspicuous feature, to which athletic persons are proud to point in evidence of their muscular development. Its tendon crosses over the front of the elbow, and is inserted into the hinder edge of a stout tubercle which is seen on the inner side of the radius near its upper end. The chief effect of this muscle is to bend the elbow; but it also rotates the radius so as to supi-nate the hand; and it gives great power to...
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