This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1912 Excerpt: ...the plate during discharge. 79. Recovery Curves and Diffusion Curves.--The curves in Figures 30, 33, and 34 are very nearly like diffusion curves. When the circuit is closed for discharge, material is rapidly exhausted near the solid particles which are active. The concentration gradient becomes steep and acid begins ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1912 Excerpt: ...the plate during discharge. 79. Recovery Curves and Diffusion Curves.--The curves in Figures 30, 33, and 34 are very nearly like diffusion curves. When the circuit is closed for discharge, material is rapidly exhausted near the solid particles which are active. The concentration gradient becomes steep and acid begins to diffuse toward that point. Lead sulphate is formed in the solution and presently a state of very dynamic equilibrium is reached. Acid is being transported by diffusion just fast enough to supply the demand at the point of reaction; and lead sulphate is being removed by precipitation as fast as it is formed. The curves referred to are, of course, voltage curves, but the relations of page 92 show clearly that the curves can equally well express the average concentration of reacting materials at the point of action. The recovery curve of page 133 is of the same nature. At the lower part, at the beginning of the recovery curve in Figure 33, we have the final condition described above. Materials are being supplied at a rate just able to maintain the concentration at a rather low and constantly decreasing value. When the circuit is opened, consumption of material ceases. But the concentration at the point where the reaction was going on was different from that outside in the body of the cell. Diffusion, therefore, continues and the concentration differences become smaller until diffusion becomes indefinitely slow. Theoretically these curves take an infinite time to become perfectly flat, but practically they approach very near to a final value within a few minutes. One exception to this last statement will occur to every one who watches storage cells closely. A very fully charged cell, which has been gasing freely, takes a long time to return to i...
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