This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1850 Excerpt: ...the tools altogether. Artificial marble, or Scagliola, is real marble pulverized and mixed with plaster, and is used in columns, basso-relievos, and other ornaments. The chief kind of stone used in London is Portland stone, which comes from the island of Portland, in Dorsetshire; it is used for buildings in general, as ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1850 Excerpt: ...the tools altogether. Artificial marble, or Scagliola, is real marble pulverized and mixed with plaster, and is used in columns, basso-relievos, and other ornaments. The chief kind of stone used in London is Portland stone, which comes from the island of Portland, in Dorsetshire; it is used for buildings in general, as strings, windowsills, balusters, steps, copings, &c., but under great weight or pressure it is apt to splinter, or flush at the joints. When it is recently quar ried, it is soft and works easily, but acquires great hardness in course of time. St. Paul's cathedral and Westminster bridge are constructed of Portland stone. Purbeck stone comes from an island of the same name, also in Dorsetshire, and is mostly employed in rough work, as steps and paving. Yorkshire stone is also used where strength and durability are requisites, as in paving and coping. Ryegate stone is used for hearths, slabs, and covings. Mortar is used by masons in cementing their works. (See Bricklaying, Cements, Mortars, &c.) In setting marble or fine work, plaster of Paris is used, and in water-works, tarras is employed. Tarras is a coarse mortar, durable in water, and in most situations. Dutch tarras is made of a soft rockstone, found near Cologne, on the Rhine. It is burnt like lime, and reduced to powder by mills, from thence carried to Holland, whence it has acquired the name of Dutch tarras. It is very dear, on account of the great demand for it in the construction of aquatic works. An artificial tarras is formed of two parts of lime and one of plaster of Paris: another sort consists of one part of lime and two parts of well-sifted coal ashes. Mast cartings, in ship-building, large timbers at the side of the mast rooms that are left deep enough to receive the cr...
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