This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1913 Excerpt: ...stages and is therefore a composite reaction; cf. Orton and King, Trans. Chem. Soc., 1911, 89, 1369; also Orton and Jones, Trans. Chem. Soc., 1909, 95, 1456. CH3. C02C2H5 + NaOH = CH3. C02Na + C2H5OH The saponification proceeds at a rate which can be conveniently measured at temperatures between 0 and 25 if dilute ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1913 Excerpt: ...stages and is therefore a composite reaction; cf. Orton and King, Trans. Chem. Soc., 1911, 89, 1369; also Orton and Jones, Trans. Chem. Soc., 1909, 95, 1456. CH3. C02C2H5 + NaOH = CH3. C02Na + C2H5OH The saponification proceeds at a rate which can be conveniently measured at temperatures between 0 and 25 if dilute solutions are employed. If the original solution contains a grm.-mols. (mole) of ester and o mols of hydroxide per unit volume, and if x mols of ester have been saponified after time t, the concentrations of the reacting substances at this moment will be a-x and b-x respectively. According to the mass law, the speed of the change will be given by dx/dt = k2(a-x) (b-x) and this on integration becomes, _ _1, b(a-x) (a-b)t M a(b-x)' In the following table are given the data obtained by Reicher' for the saponification of ethyl acetate at 15-8, the alkali being present in excess (b a) in the one experiment, whilst the ester predominated in the second (a b). The quantities of saponified ester (x) are expressed in terms of the standard acid solution which was used in following the progress of the change. If the reacting substances are present in equivalent proportions (a = b), the rate of change at time t is given by dx/dt = kt(a-x)'t from which 1 x ta a-x)' That this is in agreement with the actual course of saponification under these conditions is shown by the following data for an experiment at 24-7 with a solution in which the concentrations of both ester and alkali hydroxide were 0-025 mol per litre.' 1 Annalen, 1885, 228, 257; 1886, 282, 108; 1887, 288, 276. 3 Arrhenius, Zeit. phys. Chem., 1887, 1, 110. t (minutes) 0 4 6 8 10 12 15 20 Saponification experiments with different bases have shown that the reaction only proceeds in accordance with the a...
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Add this copy of Organic Chemistry for Advanced Students; Volume 2 to cart. $56.08, good condition, Sold by Bonita rated 4.0 out of 5 stars, ships from Newport Coast, CA, UNITED STATES, published 2018 by Palala Press.
Add this copy of Organic Chemistry for Advanced Students Volume 2 to cart. $74.74, good condition, Sold by Bonita rated 4.0 out of 5 stars, ships from Newport Coast, CA, UNITED STATES, published 2016 by Palala Press.
