This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1887 Excerpt: ...and there arises a sensation called crepitation; throw a bit into water, and it is seen to float; hold a bit under water, squeeze it, and bubbles will be seen to arise, --the residual air of the lung. CHAPTER XXVI. PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION. 326. The Respiratory Apparatus is designed to introduce oxygen gas (a food) ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1887 Excerpt: ...and there arises a sensation called crepitation; throw a bit into water, and it is seen to float; hold a bit under water, squeeze it, and bubbles will be seen to arise, --the residual air of the lung. CHAPTER XXVI. PHYSIOLOGY OF RESPIRATION. 326. The Respiratory Apparatus is designed to introduce oxygen gas (a food) into the system and to pass out carbonic acid gas and vapor of water (wastes). A little oxygen is taken in with common foods and through the skin. Some carbonic acid is passed out by the way of the skin, kidneys, and bowels. 327. The Common Pure Air about us is made up of about twenty-one volumes of oxygen and seventy-nine of nitrogen, well mixed. The latter acts to dilute the oxygen. The air also contains traces of dust, germs, carbonic acid, and moisture. Illustrations.--A lighted candle placed in pure air burns well; in oxygen it burns brilliantly; in nitrogen it goes.out. A rat placed in a jar of air lives well; in one of oxygen he breathes very rapidly; in a jar of nitrogen he soon dies, for he can get no oxygen. RESPIRATION. 328. Breathing occurs in an adult about seventeen times a minute. In breathing, air is drawn into the air-passages, and changed air is expelled from them. A respiration (one act of breathing) is made up of two actions: in-spi-ra'tkm and ex-pi-ra'tion. 329. Inspiration.--WTien the diaphragm contracts and flattens (Fig. 41, -2), and the ends of the ribs are elevated and carried out by the contraction of the muscles between the ribs, the cavity of the chest is enlarged. (Fig. 41, ..") The lungs follow the variations in the capacity of the chest. Hence the air rushes into the nostrils (or mouth) and through the air-passages (313) to the lungs. This is inspiration. 330. Expiration.--When the chest-muscles cease contracti...
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