INDIAN UNREST By VALENTINE CHIROL A Reprint, revised and enlarged, from TW Times, with an introduction by Sir Alfred Lyall We have nozu, as it were before us, in that vast congeries of peoples we call India, a long, slow march in uneven stages through all the centuries jrom the fifth io the twentieth. VISCOUNT MORLEY. MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED 5T. MARTINS 5TRLLT, LONDON J9IO DEDICATED BY PERMISSION TO VISCOUNT MORLEY AS A TRIBUTE OF PRIVATE FRIENDSHIJ AND PUBLIC RESPECT CONTENTS CHUTFB PAQH INTRODUCTION. BY SIR ALFRED C. ...
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INDIAN UNREST By VALENTINE CHIROL A Reprint, revised and enlarged, from TW Times, with an introduction by Sir Alfred Lyall We have nozu, as it were before us, in that vast congeries of peoples we call India, a long, slow march in uneven stages through all the centuries jrom the fifth io the twentieth. VISCOUNT MORLEY. MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED 5T. MARTINS 5TRLLT, LONDON J9IO DEDICATED BY PERMISSION TO VISCOUNT MORLEY AS A TRIBUTE OF PRIVATE FRIENDSHIJ AND PUBLIC RESPECT CONTENTS CHUTFB PAQH INTRODUCTION. BY SIR ALFRED C. LYALL . . VII I. A GENERAL SURVEY . . . . . . . . 1 II. SWARAJ OX THE PLATFORM AND IN THE PRE. SS 8 m. A HINDU REVIVAL . . . . . . . . 24 IV.. BRAIIMANISM AND DISAFFECTION IN THE DKCOAN . . . . . . . . 37 V. POONA AND KOLHAJMR . . . . . . 64 VI. BENGAL BEFORE THE PARTITION . . 72 VII. THE STORM IN BENGAL . . . . . . 81 VIII. THE PUNJAB AND THE ARYA SAMAJ . . . . 106 IX. THE POSITION OF THE MAHOMETANS . . . . 118 X. SOUTHERN INDIA .. .. .. .. 136 XI. REVOLUTIONARY ORGANIZATIONS OUTSIDE INDIA . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 XII. THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS . . . . 154 XIII. CONSTITUTIONAL, REFORMS . . . . . . 162 CASTES f, ., .., 176 vi CONTENTS CHATTER XV. THE NATIVE STATES . . . . . . . . 185 XVI. CROSS CUBBENTS 198 XVH. THE GBOWTH OF WESTEBN EDUCATION . . 207 XVIII. THE INDIAN STUDENT 216 XIX. SOME MEASUBES OP EDUCATIONAL BEFOBM . . 229 XX. THE QUESTION OF BELIGIOUS EDUCATION . . 238 XXI. PBIMABY EDUCATION . . . . . . . . 246 XXII. SWADESHI AND ECONOMIC PBOGBESS . . . . 254 XXIII. THE FINANCIAL AND FISCAL BELATIONS BI xWEEN INDIA AND GBEAT BBITAIN . . 271 XXIV. THE POSITION OF INDIANS IN THE EMPIBE . . 280 XXV. SOCIAL AND OFFICIAL BELATIONS . . . . 288 XXVI. THEGOVERNMENT OF INDIA . . . . . . 306 xxvn. CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . 319 NOTES . . 335 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . ... 361 The numerals above the line in the body of ifie book refer to notes at the end of the volume. INTRODUCTION. BY SIR ALFRED C. LYALL. The volume into which Mr. Valentine Chirol has collected and republished his valuable series of articles in The Times upon Indian unrest is an important and very instructive contribution to the study of what is probably the most arduous problem in the politics of our far-reaching Empire. His comprehensive survey of the whole situation, the arrangement of evidence and array of facts, are not unlike what might have been found in the Report of a Commission appointed to investigate the causes and the state of affairs to which the troubles that have arisen in India may be ascribed. At different times in the worlds history the nations foremost in civilization have undertaken the enterprise of founding a great European dominion in Asia, and have accomplished it with signal success. The Macedonian Greeks led the way they were followed by the Romans and in both instances their military superiority and ormmiy. iiiLr genius enabled them to subdue and govern for centuries vast populations in Western Asia. European science and literature flourished in the great cities of the East, where the educated classes willingly accepted and supported foreign rulership as their barrier against a relapse into barbarism nor have we reason for believing VII vin INTRODUCTION that it excited unusual discontent or disaffection among the Asiatic peoples. But the Greek and Roman Empires in m Asia have disappeared long ago, leaving very little beyond scattered ruinsand in modern times it is the British dominion in India that has revived and is pursuing the enterprise of ruling and civilizing a great Asiatic population, of developing the political intelligence and transforming the ideas of an antique. and, in some respects, a primitive society. That the task must be one jof prodigious difficulty, not always free from danger, has been long known to t those who watched the experiment with some accurate fore sight of the, conditions attending it...
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