This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1912 edition. Excerpt: ... APPENDIX FREEDOM AND ONTOLOGY In the foregoing argument the problem of freedom has been discussed without specific reference to the problem of being. We have not sought to solve the problem a priori by bringing a system of metaphysics to bear on it, nor have we sought to find out the nature of being ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1912 edition. Excerpt: ... APPENDIX FREEDOM AND ONTOLOGY In the foregoing argument the problem of freedom has been discussed without specific reference to the problem of being. We have not sought to solve the problem a priori by bringing a system of metaphysics to bear on it, nor have we sought to find out the nature of being from the angle of freedom. To some it may appear as an omission that this last thing was not attempted. I subjoin a few general observations that may help relate our problem of freedom with that of being. The ontology of materialism, with its atoms and the void, is necessarily deterministic, as no spiritual principle is recognized. The ontology of agnostic monism, with its pantheistic cosmology, is also deterministic, the principle of existence being neither personal nor self-directive. The ontology of dualism, with its two realms ities of mind and matter, or God and the world, is sometimes deterministic (Mohammedanism), and sometimes libertarian (Zoroastrianism). The ontology of idealism, from whose standpoint the preceding argument is written, with its emphasis upon the exclusive reality of spirit, has two forms, viz., absolute idealism and pluralistic idealism. Absolute idealism, though using the term "freedom," is customarily deterministic (T. H. Green), though in some instances libertarian (Royce). Pluralistic idealism is regularly libertarian (James). Of the conflicting ontologies modern knowledge has practically set aside the materialistic hypothesis. Dualism, which is half materialistic, is in almost as neglected a plight. So the modern determinist who is looking for a satisfactory ontology is likely to find it in pantheism, while the modern libertarian is likely to adopt one of the two forms of idealism. The most interesting...
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