PREFACE. IN choosing from a large number the following papers for repuhlication, it may be well to state the considerations which have guided the author in his selection. His researches and his conclusions as to the chemistry of the air, the waters, and the earth in past and present times, the origin of limestones, dolomites, and gypsums, of mineral waters, petroleum, and me- talliferous deposits, the generation of silicated minerals, the theory of mechanical and chemical sediments, and the origin of crystalline rocks and ...
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PREFACE. IN choosing from a large number the following papers for repuhlication, it may be well to state the considerations which have guided the author in his selection. His researches and his conclusions as to the chemistry of the air, the waters, and the earth in past and present times, the origin of limestones, dolomites, and gypsums, of mineral waters, petroleum, and me- talliferous deposits, the generation of silicated minerals, the theory of mechanical and chemical sediments, and the origin of crystalline rocks and vein-stones, including erupted rocks and volcanic products, cover nearly all the more important points in chemical geology. They have, moreover, been by him con- nected with the hypothesis of a cooling globe, and with certain views of geological dynamics, making together a complete scheme of chemical and physical geology, the outlines of which will be found embodied in essays I. - XIII. of the present collection. It was at one time proposed to rewrite for this volume the first seven of these, giving them a more connected form, and thereby avoiding some little repetition but it is thought better to reproduce them in the shape in which they originally appeared, and this chiefly for the reason that they seem to the author to have a certain historic value, and serve to fix the dajes of the origin and development of views, some of which, after meeting for a time with neglect or with active opposition, are now beginning to find favor in the eyes of the scientific world. That such will be the ultimate fate of others herein contained, and not yet generally received, the author is persuaded. It has been his fortune to enunciate, in very many cases, views for which hisfellow-workers were not pre- pared, and after a lapse of years to find these views propounded by others as new discoveries or original conclusions. Natu- rally desirous, however, of vindicating Ins claims to priority in certain of these matters, he feels that the best way of attain- ing this result is to reprint the original essays. It should be said that two of these, namely, IV. and XII., were given as popular lectures, and are thus unlike the others in method and style. The reproduction of the papers on the Geology of the Alps and the History of Cambrian and Silurian requires, it is con- ceived, no explanation, inasmuch as, apart from their general interest, they serve to throw great light upon many questions raised in the essay on the Geognosy of the Appalachians as to the origin and age of their rocky strata. As regards the five papers which are placed at the end of the volume, the author reprints them for the reason that, incom- plete and fragmentary as they are, they have a certain value in the history of chemical theory and, moreover, contain, in his opinion, the germs of a philosophy of chemistry and miner- alogy which he hopes one day to develop himself or to see developed by others. In preparing this collection for the press, the author has been compelled by the limits assigned to the volume to omit several papers which would else have found a place here, and to abridge others...
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