This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1895 edition. Excerpt: ...dehydrate ammonium carbonate into urea. There is, however, a certain amount of evidence that not ammonium carbonate but ammonium carbamate is the immediate antecedent of urea; and, indeed, out of the bodv, by electrolyzing a solution of ammonium carbamate with alternating currents, a certain amount of ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can usually download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1895 edition. Excerpt: ...dehydrate ammonium carbonate into urea. There is, however, a certain amount of evidence that not ammonium carbonate but ammonium carbamate is the immediate antecedent of urea; and, indeed, out of the bodv, by electrolyzing a solution of ammonium carbamate with alternating currents, a certain amount of urea may be artificially produced. But this is a matter too obscure to be discussed here. 404. Uric acid. This, like urea, is a normal constituent of human urine, and, like urea, has been found in the blood, in the liver, and in the spleen; it is a conspicuous constituent of an extract of the latter organ. In some animals, such as birds and most reptiles, it takes the place of urea. In various diseases the quantity in the urine is increased; and at times, as in gout, uric acid accumulates in the blood, and a deposit of urates takes place in the tissues. Since bv oxidation a molecule of uric acid can be split up into two molecules of urea, and a molecule of some carbon acid, uric acid is commonly spoken of as a less oxidized product of proteid metabolism than urea. But there is no evidence whatever to show that the former is a necessary antecedent of the latter; on the contrary, all the facts known go to show that the appearance of uric acid is the result of a metabolism slightly diverging from that leading to urea; indeed, it is probable that the divergence occurs toward the end of the series of changes, for urea given by the mouth to birds appears in the urine as uric acid, and, conversely, uric acid given to mammals appears in the urine as area. We have no evidence to prove that the cause of the divergence lies in an insufficient supply of oxygen to the organism at large; on the contrary, uric acid occurs in the rapidly breathing...
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