This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 Excerpt: ...and the causes of the phenomenon known as "tin pest," has been made in particular by Cohen and his collaborators (cf. Zeitsch. physik. Chem., 30, 601, 1899, and several papers in recent years). Besides the transition of grey tin into white tin, the component tin shows another transition at a very much higher ...
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This historic book may have numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original book (without typos) from the publisher. Not indexed. Not illustrated. 1916 Excerpt: ...and the causes of the phenomenon known as "tin pest," has been made in particular by Cohen and his collaborators (cf. Zeitsch. physik. Chem., 30, 601, 1899, and several papers in recent years). Besides the transition of grey tin into white tin, the component tin shows another transition at a very much higher temperature. 0rdinary white tin is tetragonal, but at a temperature of about 2030 C, A. Smits and H. L de Leeuw (Proc. k. Akad. Wetatsch., Amsterdam, 1912, 15, 676) have shown that there is a transformation into a brittle form, crystallising in the rhombic system. It is difficult to bring this change about, but it can be catalysed by the addition of small quantities of mercury. This, however, has the serious disadvantage of depressing the transition temperature. This transition was observed by dilatometric measurements, not by electromotive force. Two-component Systems. Before taking up the behaviour of any particular system in detail it is necessary to consider some of the phenomena associated with the physical properties of compounds and mixtures (liquid and solid solutions), and to see how these properties (such as fusion and solidification temperatures, boiling points, vaporisation, and solubility) are able to afford us valuable information regarding the clumical changes which a system may undergo. Thus consider the two-component system H20--NaCl, the special case being a dilute solution of salt in water at a given temperature. Let us suppose the temperature of the solution is lowered. At a given temperature tee (solid H20 ice I.) will make its appearance. This is the so-called freezing point of the solution. It will be observed, however, that this is not a "sharp freezing or melting point," ix. the solution as a whole cannot be ...
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