Ecosystems are incredibly complex, non-linear structures and self-organized entities; they cannot be described by simple models or by statistical approaches. Within each ecosystem are scores of individuals interacting continuously with others and with their biotic and abiotic surroundings, over vast geographic spaces, and over varying time scales as well. To approach the enormity of this complexity, ecologists have developed tools to simplify and aggregate information, and among them is Hierarchy Theory. Instead of ...
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Ecosystems are incredibly complex, non-linear structures and self-organized entities; they cannot be described by simple models or by statistical approaches. Within each ecosystem are scores of individuals interacting continuously with others and with their biotic and abiotic surroundings, over vast geographic spaces, and over varying time scales as well. To approach the enormity of this complexity, ecologists have developed tools to simplify and aggregate information, and among them is Hierarchy Theory. Instead of analyzing the whole structure to understand the functions of the system, Hierarchy Theory analyzes hierarchical levels only and the interactions between them. It draws upon two different paradigms of complexity, reductionism and holism, adapting the most useful features of each into a viable means of studying ecosystems. It reduces the amount of data the researcher has to deal with, and it explicitly considers the relevant entities and interconnections of a larger complex system according to a specific research question. Originally published in 1982, Hierarchy was the first book to apply the tool to ecological systems. In the three decades since its publication, the work has influenced myriad large scale research initiatives in ecology, and this new, thoroughly revised edition reflects the assimilation of the theory in ecological research, and its successful application to the understanding of complex systems.
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Seller's Description:
This is an ex-library book and may have the usual library/used-book markings inside. This book has hardback covers. In poor condition, suitable as a reading copy. Please note the Image in this listing is a stock photo and may not match the covers of the actual item, 600grams, ISBN:
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Seller's Description:
Dispatched, from the UK, within 48 hours of ordering. This book is in good condition but will show signs of previous ownership. Please expect some creasing to the spine and/or minor damage to the cover. Grubby book may have mild dirt or some staining, mostly on the edges of pages. Aged book. Tanned pages and age spots, however, this will not interfere with reading. Ripped/damaged jacket. The dust jacket of this book is slightly damaged/ripped, however, this does not affect the internal condition. Ex-library book with stamps on the first page, it is also likely to have a small shelf number sticker on the spine.
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Good. Connecting readers with great books since 1972! Used textbooks may not include companion materials such as access codes, etc. May have some wear or writing/highlighting. We ship orders daily and Customer Service is our top priority!
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Seller's Description:
Good. Connecting readers with great books since 1972! Used textbooks may not include companion materials such as access codes, etc. May have some wear or writing/highlighting. We ship orders daily and Customer Service is our top priority!
